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Federal Guidebook Resources and References 2025

FFYF Resources

Guidebook References

  1. American Educational Research Association, “Impact of Early Childhood Education on Medium- and Long-Term Educational Outcomes,” (2017); Learning Policy Institute, “Untangling the Evidence on Preschool Effectiveness,” (2019); Council for a Strong America, “Police Chiefs, Sheriffs, Prosecutors, and Violence Survivors: “Preschool Works”” (2021) 
  2. First Five Years Fund, “2024 State Fact Sheets” 
  3. Ready Nation, “$122 Billion: The Growing, Annual Cost of the Infant-Toddler Child Care Crisis,” (2023) 
  4. Learning Policy Institute “Untangling the Evidence on Preschool Effectiveness” (2019) 
  5. Child Care Aware, “Child Care at a Standstill,” (2023) 
  6. American Academy of Pediatrics, American Public Health Association, National Resource Center for Health and Safety in Child Care and Early Education, “Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards; Guidelines for Early Care and Education Programs” (2019) 
  7. First Five Years Fund, “Federal Investments are the Foundation for State and Local Early Care and Education Programs,” (2023). 
  8. Economic Policy Institute, “Who’s paying now? The explicit and implicit costs of the current early care and education system,” (January 2020) 
  9.  Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “Grant Year (GY) 2023 Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Allocations”  
  10. First Five Years Fund, “Side-By-Side: Comparing Tax Bills,” (2024)  
  11. ACF, “FY 2024 State Median Income (SMI) by Household Size”
  12. ACF, “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 1 – Average Monthly Adjusted Number of Families and Children Served”; ACF, “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 9 – Average Monthly Percentages of Children in Care by Age Group”
  13.  Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 1 – Average Monthly Adjusted Number of Families and Children Served”; Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 9 – Average Monthly Percentages of Children in Care by Age Group”; Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “LIHEAP IM-2020-02 State Median Income Estimates for Optional Use in FY 2020 and Mandatory Use in FY 2021”; U.S. Census Bureau, 2022: ACS 1-Year Estimate Table B09001; U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-Year Estimates, 1-Year Estimates Public Use Microdata Sample. NOTE: This number/percentage is based on federal eligibility guidelines. 
  14. ASPE, Poverty Guideline
  15. Office of Head Start, Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023.
  16. U.S Census Bureau, 2022 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate, Table B17001; Office of Head Start, Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023.
  17. Office of Head Start, Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023. 
  18.  U.S Census Bureau, 2022 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate, Table B17001; Office of Head Start, Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023.
  19. Tala Q. Hooban, CAPT, U.S. Public Health Service, Deputy Director, Office of Head Start (December 2024)
  20. U.S. Department of Education, IDEA Section 618 Data Products: Static Tables Part C Child Count and Settings Table 4
  21. U.S. Department of Education, IDEA Section 618 Data Products: Static Tables Part B Child Count & Educational Environments Table 2 
  22. HRSA, Home Visiting Program: State Fact Sheets
  23. ACF, FY 2022 Federal TANF & State MOE Financial Data
  24. Bipartisan Policy Center, Revisiting CCAMPIS During COVID-19: The Untapped Potential of On-Campus Child Care (2020); based on $50 million funding
  25. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 1 – Average Monthly Adjusted Number of Families and Children Served,” (2020) and “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 9 – Average Monthly Percentages of Children in Care by Age Group,” 
  26. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 1 – Average Monthly Adjusted Number of Families and Children Served,” (2020) and “FY 2021 Preliminary Data Table 9 – Average Monthly Percentages of Children in Care by Age Group,”; Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “LIHEAP IM-2020-02 State Median Income Estimates for Optional Use in FY 2020 and Mandatory Use in FY 2021,” (2020) ; U.S. Census Bureau, “2022: ACS 1-Year Estimate Table B09001” ; U.S. Census Bureau, “ACS 1-Year Estimates, 1-Year Estimates Public Use Microdata Sample,” NOTE: This number/percentage is based on federal eligibility guidelines. 
  27. PBS, “Little Support in U.S. for College Students Raising Children,” (2019) 
  28. The National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), “Double Duties: Student Parents’ Struggle to Find Child Care and How State Policy Can Help,” (2024)
  29. Institute for Women’s Policy Research, “The Role of the Federal Child Care Access Means Parents in School (CCAMPIS) Program in Supporting Student Parent Success,” (2016) 
  30. Bipartisan Policy Center, “Revisiting CCAMPIS During COVID: the Untapped Potential of On-Campus Child Care,” (2020); based on $50 million funding
  31. U.S. Department of Education, “Child Care Access Means Parents in School Program,”  
  32. Add appropriate citation for poverty guidelines 
  33. Office of Head Start, “Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023” 
  34. Office of Head Start, “Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023” 
  35. Tala Q. Hooban, CAPT, U.S. Public Health Service, Deputy Director, Office of Head Start, (December 2024)
  36.  U.S Census Bureau, “2022 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate, Table B17001,” (2022) ; Office of Head Start, “Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023” 
  37. U.S Census Bureau, “2022 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate, Table B17001,” (2022) ; Office of Head Start, “Performance Indicator Report, Program Year 2023” 
  38. Administration for Children and Families, “A National Portrait of Head Start Children and Families: FACES 2014,” (2018) 
  39. National Head Start Association, “Facts and Impacts” 
  40. Brookings Institution, “The long-term impact of the Head Start program,” (2016) 
  41. National Head Start Association, “The Head Start Advantage: Success in School Readiness,” (2021) 
  42. Alexander Gelber and Adam Isen, “Children’s schooling and parents’ behavior: Evidence from the Head Start Impact Study, Journal of Public Economics, Volume 101,” (May 2013) 
  43. Terri J. Sabol, P. Lindsay Chase-Lansdale, “The Influence of Low-Income Children’s Participation in Head Start on Their Parents’ Education and Employment,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management (September 2014) 
  44. National Head Start Association,”Early Head Start Facts and Figures,” (2022) 
  45. National Head Start Association, “Unpacking How Comprehensive Services in Early Head Start Lead to Impacts for Children & Families,” (2022) 
  46. Tala Q. Hooban, CAPT, U.S. Public Health Service, Deputy Director, Office of Head Start (December 2024)
  47. ACF, “Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships,” (2020) 
  48. Bipartisan Policy Center, “Early Head Start– Child Care Partnerships: Spotlighting Early Successes Across America,” (2019) 
  49. U.S. Department of Education, “IDEA Section 618 Data Products: Static Tables Part C Child Count and Settings Table 4,” 
  50. U.S. Department of Education, “IDEA Section 618 Data Products: Static Tables Part B Child Count & Educational Environments Table 2” 
  51. National Institutes of Health, “Part C Early Intervention for Infants and Toddlers: Percentage Eligible Versus Served,” (2012)
  52. ECTA Center, “The Importance of Early Intervention for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities and their Families,” (2011) 
  53. Learning Policy Institute, “Untangling the Evidence on Preschool Effectiveness,” (2019) 
  54. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “Models eligible for Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) funding” 
  55. HRSA, “FY23 Home Visiting Infographic” 
  56. HRSA, “FY23 Home Visiting Infographic”  
  57. First Five Years Fund, “10 States and DC Receive New Round of PDG B-5 Grants,” (2024)   
  58. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “About TANF,” (2024) 
  59. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “Characteristics and Financial Circumstances of TANF Recipients, Fiscal Year 2023,” (2024) 
  60. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY2023 Federal TANF & MOE Financial Data,” (2024)  
  61. Administration for Children and Families (ACF), “FY2023 Federal TANF & MOE Financial Data,” (2024)  
  62. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, “TANF Cash Assistance Should Reach Millions More Families to Lessen Hardship,” (2022) 
  63. Baby’s First Years “The impact of a poverty reduction intervention on infant brain activity,” (2021) 
  64. First Five Years Fund, “Federal Tax Provisions That Support Child Care,” (2024) 
  65. Congressional Research Service, “Child and Dependent Care Tax Benefits: How They Work and Who Receives Them,” (2021) 
  66. Congressional Research Service, “The 45F Tax Credit for Employer-Provided Child Care,” (2023) 
  67. Congressional Research Service, “The 45F Tax Credit for Employer-Provided Child Care,” (2023) 
  68. Congressional Research Service, “The 45F Tax Credit for Employer-Provided Child Care,” (2023) 
  69. Internal Revenue Service (IRS), “SOI tax stats – Historic Tables” 

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